Demographic Risk Factors

Relapsing NMOSD can disproportionately affect some patient populations1

In a review study, 84% of patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) were women.2* In another, NMOSD was shown to be more common in people of African or Asian descent.3†

*

Based on a review of 19 studies reporting crude and adjusted prevalence estimates for NMOSD overall, as well as by region and ancestry.2

This is a hypothetical patient.

STUDIES SUGGEST THAT AGE AND RACE MAY PLAY A SIGNIFICANT ROLE IN CLINICAL FEATURES AND DISEASE SEVERITY1-5

Caucasian and African women were ~2 to 8 times more likely to develop NMOSD than male patients3†

†
Based on a systematic review of 33 epidemiologic studies in NMO/NMOSD published from 1999 to August 2019.3
Download Neuromyelitis optica worldwide prevalence and incidence study

From Worldwide Incidence and Prevalence of Neuromyelitis Optica: A Systematic Review

Papp V, et al. Neurology. 2021;96:59-77.

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African and Asian patients had a younger disease onset than Caucasian patients4‡

Younger patients were more likely to develop recurrent optic neuritis and had a higher likelihood of developing impaired vision or blindness compared to older onset patients.

‡
Based on a review of population-based prevalence studies of NMOSD
from 2000 to 2020.4
Download neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder epidemiology study

From Epidemiology of Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder and Its Prevalence and Incidence Worldwide

Hor JY, et al. Front Neurol. 2020;11:501.

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African-American,
Afro-European (58%),
and Asian patients (46%) had the highest frequency of severe attacks compared to Caucasian patients (38%)5§

§
From a 2006 to 2017 retrospective study of a large international cohort of 6 neurology departments, which included 610 patients with AQP4-IgG+ NMOSD.5
Download Racial differences in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder study

From Racial Differences in Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder

Kim SH, et al. Neurology. 2018;91:e2089-e2099.

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The overall mortality rate was more than 2x higher in African NMOSD patients than Caucasian patients1||

||
From a retrospective study of 427 patients with NMOSD seen at 2 large US-based clinics (328 from Johns Hopkins Hospital and 99 from New York University).1
Download Mortality in neuromyelitis optica association with African ancestry study

From Mortality in neuromyelitis optica is strongly associated with African ancestry

Mealy M, et al. Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm. 2018;5(4):e468.

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EXPLORE THE CURRENT NMOSD
TREATMENT LANDSCAPE

SEE CURRENT TREATMENTS

ATTACKS CAN BE RECURRENT AND MAY PREDICT FUTURE DISABILITY6,7

CYCLE OF ATTACKS
References: 1. Mealy MA, Kessler RA, Rimler Z, et al. Mortality in neuromyelitis optica is strongly associated with African ancestry. Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm. 2018;5(4):e468. 2. Bukhari W, Prain KM, Waters P, et al. Incidence and prevalence of NMOSD in Australia and New Zealand. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2017;88(8):632-638. 3. Papp V, Magyari M, Aktas O, et al. Worldwide incidence and prevalence of neuromyelitis optica: a systematic review. Neurology. 2021;96(2):59-77. 4. Hor JY, Asgari N, Nakashima I, et al. Epidemiology of Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder and Its Prevalence and Incidence Worldwide. Front Neurol. 2020;11:501. 5. Kim SH, Mealy MA, Levy M, et al. Racial differences in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder. Neurology. 2018;91:e2089-e2099. 6. Jarius S, Ruprecht K, Wildemann B, et al. Contrasting disease patterns in seropositive and seronegative neuromyelitis optica: a multicentre study of 175 patients. J Neuroinflammation. 2012;9:14. 7. Kitley J, Leite MI, Nakashima I, et al. Prognostic factors and disease course in aquaporin-4 antibody-positive patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder from the United Kingdom and Japan. Brain. 2012;135(pt 6):1834-1849.